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GSE57101
Mus musculus
4 Downloadable Samples
Description
Ocular immune privilege (IP) limits immune surveillance of intraocular tumors as certain immunogenic tumor cell lines (P815, E.G7-OVA) that are rejected when transplanted in the skin grow progressively when placed in the anterior chamber (a.c.) of the eye. As splenectomy (SPLNX) is known to terminate ocular IP, we characterized immune mechanisms responsible for spontaneous rejection of intraocular tumors in SPLNX mice as a first step toward identifying how to restore tumoricidal activity within the eye. Microarray data showed a 3-fold increase in interferon (IFN)- and a 2.7-fold increase in Fas ligand (FasL). There was a robust increase in transcripts (127 of 408 surveyed) from interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes and a marked decrease (in 40 of 192 surveyed) in the expression of cell-cycle-associated genes. Non-microarray data confirmed that IFN, FasL and CD8+ T cells but not perforin or TNF were required for elimination of intraocular E.G7-OVA tumors that culminated in destruction of the eye (ocular phthsis). IFN and FasL did not target tumor cells directly as the majority of SPLNX IFNR1-/- mice and Fas-defective lpr mice failed to eliminate ocular E.G7-OVA tumors that expressed Fas and IFNR1. Bone marrow chimeras showed that immune cell expression of IFNR1 and Fas was critical and that SPLNX increased the frequency of activated macrophages within ocular tumors in an IFN- and Fas/FasL-dependent manner. Rejection of intraocular tumors was associated with increased ocular mRNA expression of several inflammatory genes including FasL, NOS2, CXCL2 and T-bet. Our data support a model in which IFN- and Fas/FasL-dependent activation of intratumoral macrophage by CD8+ T cells promotes severe intraocular inflammation that indirectly eliminates intraocular tumors by inducing phthisis. The immunosuppressive mechanisms which maintain ocular IP likely interfere with the interaction between CD8+ T cells and macrophage to limit immunosurveillance of intraocular tumors.
Publication Title
Splenectomy promotes indirect elimination of intraocular tumors by CD8+ T cells that is associated with IFNγ- and Fas/FasL-dependent activation of intratumoral macrophages.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Treatment
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 6 Downloadable Samples
Description
This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Publication Title
Growth factor independence 1b (gfi1b) is important for the maturation of erythroid cells and the regulation of embryonic globin expression.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 6 Downloadable Samples
Description
This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Publication Title
Transcription factor ID2 prevents E proteins from enforcing a naïve T lymphocyte gene program during NK cell development.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 12 Downloadable Samples
Description
Mast cells, activated by antigen via the high affinity receptor for IgE (FcRI), release an array of pro-inflammatory mediators that contribute to allergic disorders such as asthma and anaphylaxis. The KIT ligand, stem cell factor (SCF), is critical for mast cell expansion, differentiation and survival, and, under acute conditions, enhances mast cell activation. However, extended SCF exposure in vivo conversely protects against fatal antigen-mediated anaphylaxis. In investigating this dichotomy, we identified a novel mode of regulation of the mast cell activation phenotype through SCF-mediated programming. We found that mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells chronically exposed to SCF displayed a marked attenuation of FcRI-mediated degranulation and cytokine production. The hypo-responsive phenotype was not a consequence of altered signals regulating calcium flux or protein kinase C, but of ineffective cytoskeletal reorganization, with evidence implicating a down-regulation of expression of the Src kinase Hck. Collectively, these findings demonstrate a major role for SCF in the homeostatic control of mast cell activation with potential relevance to mast cell-driven disease and the development of novel approaches for the treatment of allergic disorders.
Publication Title
Stem cell factor programs the mast cell activation phenotype.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Treatment
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 4 Downloadable Samples
Description
Comparison of mRNA expression from FACS isolated Gli1 expressing stromal cells from mice given SAG21k versus vehicle
Publication Title
Control of inflammation by stromal Hedgehog pathway activation restrains colitis.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Specimen part, Treatment
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 7 Downloadable Samples
Description
Glis3 mutant mice (Glis3zf/zf) die within the first week after birth due to overt diabetes, evidenced by hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia. Histopathological analysis showed that Glis3zf/zf mice develop a pancreatic phenotype with a dramatic loss of beta- (insulin) and delta- (somatostatin) cells contrasting a smaller relative loss of alpha- (glucagon), PP- (pancreatic polypeptide), and epsilon- (ghrelin) cells. Glis3zf/zf mice develop ductal cysts with decreased number of primary cilia, while the acini are not significantly affected. Gene expression profiling by microarray analysis demonstrated that the expression of terminal hormonal genes and several transcription factors important in endocrine development were significantly deregulated in Glis3zf/zf mice. During pancreatic development, Glis3 mRNA expression is induced during the secondary transition, a stage of cell lineage specification and extensive patterning. Changes in pancreatic development of Glis3zf/zf mice are noted during and after this stage. The population of pancreatic progenitors appears not to be greatly affected in Glis3zf/zf mice; however, the number of neurogenin 3 (Ngn3) positive, endocrine progenitors is significantly reduced. Our study indicates that Glis3 plays a key role in cell lineage specification, particularly the development of mature pancreatic beta-cells. In addition, we identified evidence that Glis3 regulates insulin gene expression through two Glis-binding sites in its proximal promoter indicating that Glis3 is a regulator of insulin gene expression.
Publication Title
Transcription factor Glis3, a novel critical player in the regulation of pancreatic beta-cell development and insulin gene expression.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 6 Downloadable Samples
Description
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is elevated in afflicted tissues of patients with mast cell-dependent chronic allergic diseases. Based on its acute effects on mouse mast cells (MCs), IL-33 is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of allergic disease through MC activation. However, the manifestations of chronic IL-33 exposure on human MC function, which best reflect the conditions associated with chronic allergic disease, are unknown. We now find that long-term exposure of human and mouse MCs to IL-33 results in a substantial reduction of MC activation in response to antigen. This reduction required >72 h exposure to IL-33 for onset and 1-2 wk for reversion following IL-33 removal. This hypo-responsive phenotype was determined to be a consequence of MyD88-dependent attenuation of signaling processes necessary for MC activation including antigen-mediated calcium mobilization and cytoskeletal reorganization; potentially as a consequence of down-regulation of the expression of PLCg1 and Hck. These findings suggest that IL-33 may play a protective, rather than a causative role in MC activation under chronic conditions and, furthermore, reveal regulated plasticity in the MC activation phenotype. The ability to down-regulate MC activation in this manner may provide alternative approaches for treatment of MC-driven disease.
Publication Title
IL-33 induces a hyporesponsive phenotype in human and mouse mast cells.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Treatment
View Samples- Mus musculus, Homo sapiens
- 231 Downloadable Samples
Description
This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Publication Title
Experimentally derived metastasis gene expression profile predicts recurrence and death in patients with colon cancer.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Age, Disease stage, Race
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 8 Downloadable Samples
Description
To examine the role of SPS1 in mammals, we generated a Sps1 knockout mouse and found that systemic SPS1 deficiency was embryonic lethal. Embryos were clearly underdeveloped by E8.5 and virtually reabsorbed by E14.5. Removal of Sps1 specifically in hepatocytes using Albumin-cre preserved viability, but significantly affected expression of a large number of mRNAs involved in cancer, embryonic development and the glutathione system. Particularly notable was the extreme deficiency of glutaredoxin 1 (GLRX1) and glutathione-S-transferase omega 1. To assess these phenotypes at the cellular level, we targeted the removal of SPS1 in F9 cells, a mouse embryonal carcinoma cell line, which recapitulated changes in the glutathione system proteins. We further found that several malignant characteristics of SPS1-deficient F9 cells were reversed, suggesting that SPS1 has a role in supporting and/or sustaining cancer. In addition, the increased ROS levels observed in F9 SPS1/GLRX1 deficient cells were reversed and became more like those in F9 SPS1 sufficient cells by overexpressing mouse or human GLRX1. The results suggest that SPS1 is an essential mammalian enzyme with roles in regulating redox homeostasis and controlling cell growth.
Publication Title
Selenophosphate synthetase 1 is an essential protein with roles in regulation of redox homoeostasis in mammals.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Specimen part
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 6 Downloadable Samples
Description
Functional genomics approach to metastatic colon cancer
Publication Title
Experimentally derived metastasis gene expression profile predicts recurrence and death in patients with colon cancer.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples