It has been reported that repeated intra-tracheal instillation of S. chartarum spores induced significant pulmonary arterial remodeling in mice, which resulted in pathological changes like human pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and elevation right ventricle systolic pressure.
Gene expression analysis of a murine model with pulmonary vascular remodeling compared to end-stage IPAH lungs.
Sex, Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage
View SamplesOur previous investigation indicated that high-virulence C. gattii (C. gattii TIMM 4097) tend to reside in the alveoli, whereas low-virulence C. gattii (C. gattii TIMM 4903) tend to be washed out from the alveoli and move into the central side of the respiratory system. To test this hypothesis, we performed microarray assay.
How histopathology can contribute to an understanding of defense mechanisms against cryptococci.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Intestinal master transcription factor CDX2 controls chromatin access for partner transcription factor binding.
Specimen part
View SamplesA congenic mouse line was constructed by introgressing a C3H chromosome 9 region harboring Ath29 into the C57BL/6 apoE-deficient background. RNA was extracted from aorta using a QIAGEN kit . Total RNA was pooled in an equal amount from 3 mice for each group. Standard Affymetrix procedures were performed using 8ug of total RNA.
Characterization of Ath29, a major mouse atherosclerosis susceptibility locus, and identification of Rcn2 as a novel regulator of cytokine expression.
Disease, Disease stage
View SamplesCell differentiation requires epigenetic modulation of tissue-specific genes and activities of master transcriptional regulators, which are recognized for their dominant control over cellular programs. Using novel epigenomic methods, we characterized enhancer elements specifically modified in differentiating intestinal epithelial cells and found enrichment of transcription factor-binding motifs corresponding to CDX2, a master regulator of the intestine. Directed investigation revealed surprising lability in CDX2 occupancy of the genome, with redistribution from hundreds of sites occupied only in progenitors to thousands of new sites in mature cells. Knockout mice confirmed distinct Cdx2 requirements in dividing and differentiated adult intestinal cells, including responsibility for the active enhancer configuration associated with maturity. Dynamic CDX2 occupancy corresponds with condition-specific gene expression and, importantly, to differential co-occupancy with other tissue-restricted transcription factors: HNF4A in mature cells and GATA6 in progenitors. These results reveal dynamic, context-specific functions and mechanisms of a master transcription factor within a cell lineage.
Differentiation-specific histone modifications reveal dynamic chromatin interactions and partners for the intestinal transcription factor CDX2.
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesHistone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) methylation is an epigenetic mark of transcriptionally repressed chromatin. During mammalian development, H3K9 methylation levels seem to be spatiotemporally regulated by the opposing activities of methyltransferases and demethylases to govern correct gene expression. However, the combination(s) of H3K9 methyltransferase(s) and demethylase(s) that contribute to this regulation and the genes regulated by them remain unclear. Herein, we demonstrate the essential roles of H3K9 demethylases Jmjd1a and Jmjd1b in the embryogenesis and viability control of embryonic stem (ES) cells. Mouse embryos lacking Jmjd1a/Jmjd1b died after implantation. Depletion of Jmjd1a/Jmjd1b in mouse ES cells induced rapid cell death accompanied with a massive increase in H3K9 methylation. Jmjd1a/Jmjd1b depletion induced an increase in H3K9 methylation in the gene-rich regions of the chromosomes, indicating that Jmjd1a/Jmjd1b removes H3K9 methylation marks in the euchromatin. Importantly, the additional disruption of the H3K9 methyltransferase G9a in a Jmjd1a/Jmjd1b-deficient background rescued not only the H3K9 hypermethylation phenotype but also the cell death phenotype. We also found that Jmjd1a/Jmjd1b removes H3K9 methylation marks deposited by G9a in the Oct4 and Ccnd1 loci to activate transcription. In conclusion, Jmjd1a/Jmjd1b ensures ES cell viability by antagonizing G9a-mediated H3K9 hypermethylation in the gene-rich euchromatin.
Combined Loss of JMJD1A and JMJD1B Reveals Critical Roles for H3K9 Demethylation in the Maintenance of Embryonic Stem Cells and Early Embryogenesis.
Specimen part
View SamplesCombined gene expression and DNA occupancy profiling identifies JAK/STAT signaling as a valid therapeutic target of t(8;21) AML
Combined gene expression and DNA occupancy profiling identifies potential therapeutic targets of t(8;21) AML.
Specimen part
View SamplesDNA methylation of C5-cytosine (5mC) in the mammalian genome is a key epigenetic event that is critical for various cellular processes. However, how the genome-wide 5mC pattern is dynamically regulated remains a fundamental question in epigenetic biology. The TET family of 5mC hydroxylases, which convert 5mC to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), have provided a new potential mechanism for the dynamic regulation of DNA methylation. The extent to which individual Tet family members contribute to the genome-wide 5mC and 5hmC patterns and associated gene network remains largely unknown. Here we report genome-wide mapping of Tet1 and 5hmC in mESCs and reveal a mechanism of action by which Tet1 controls 5hmC and 5mC levels in mESCs. In combination with microarray and mRNA-seq expression profiling, we identify a comprehensive yet intricate gene network influenced by Tet1. We propose a model whereby Tet1 controls DNA methylation both by binding to CpG-rich regions to prevent unwanted DNA methyltransferase activity, and by converting the existing 5mC to 5hmC through its enzymatic activity. This Tet1-mediated antagonism of CpG methylation imparts differential maintenance of DNA methylation status at Tet1 target loci, thereby providing a new regulatory mechanism for establishing the epigenetic landscape of mESCs, which ultimately contributes to mESC differentiation and the onset of embryonic development.
Genome-wide regulation of 5hmC, 5mC, and gene expression by Tet1 hydroxylase in mouse embryonic stem cells.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesPerilipin A (PeriA) exclusively locates on adipocyte lipid droplets and is essential for lipid storage and lipolysis. Adipocyte specific overexpression of PeriA caused resistance to diet-induced obesity and resulted in improved insulin sensitivity. In order to better understand the biological basis for this observed phenotype we performed DNA microarray analysis on white adipose tissue (WAT) from PeriA transgenic (Tg) and control wildtype (WT) mice.
Perilipin overexpression in white adipose tissue induces a brown fat-like phenotype.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesThe MAQC-II Project: A comprehensive study of common practices for the development and validation of microarray-based predictive models
Effect of training-sample size and classification difficulty on the accuracy of genomic predictors.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Race, Compound
View Samples