The fidelity of sound transmission by cochlear implants in patients with sensorineural hearing loss could be greatly improved by increasing the number of frequency channels. This could be achieved by stimulating and guiding neurite outgrowth to reduce the distance between the implant's electrodes and the remnants of the spiral ganglion neurons. However, little is known about signaling pathways, besides those of neurotrophic factors, that are operational in the adult spiral ganglion. To systematically identify neuronal receptors for guidance cues in the adult cochlea, we conducted a genome-wide cDNA microarray screen with two-month-old CBA/CaJ mice. A meta-analysis of our data and those from older mice in two other studies revealed the presence of neuronal transmembrane receptors that represent all four established guidance pathwaysephrin, netrin, semaphorin, and slitin the mature cochlea as late as 15 months. In addition, we observed the expression of all known receptors for the Wnt morphogens, whose neuronal guidance function has only recently been recognized. In situ hybridizations located the mRNAs of the Wnt receptors frizzled 1, 4, 6, 9, and 10 specifically in adult spiral ganglion neurons. Finally, frizzled 9 protein was found in the growth cones of adult spiral ganglion neurons that were regenerating neurites in culture. We conclude from our results that adult spiral ganglion neurons are poised to respond to neurite damage, owing to the constitutive expression of a large and diverse collection of guidance receptors. Wnt signaling, in particular, emerges as a candidate pathway for guiding neurite outgrowth towards a cochlear implant after sensorineural hearing loss.
Expression of Wnt receptors in adult spiral ganglion neurons: frizzled 9 localization at growth cones of regenerating neurites.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesAnalysis of integrin alpha7 transgenic mice skeletal muscle transcription profiles comparing to wild type controls. Integrin alpha7 is the major laminin binding integrin in muscle cells. Enhancing its expression has been demonstrated to alleviate pathology in a murine model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Results of this study provide insights into the effects of increasing integrin alpha7 expression on skeletal muscle transcription and physiology in vivo. This analysis also evaluates any potential possible side effects associate with enhancing integrin alpha7 in skeletal muscle.
Increasing alpha 7 beta 1-integrin promotes muscle cell proliferation, adhesion, and resistance to apoptosis without changing gene expression.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
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Ulipristal blocks ovulation by inhibiting progesterone receptor-dependent pathways intrinsic to the ovary.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
No associated publication
Specimen part
View SamplesOur preliminary study revealed that the homeobox transcription factors, Msx1 and Msx2, are expressed in the mouse uterus during early pregnancy. Further, conditional deletion of Msx1 and Msx2 in mouse uterus leads to implantation failure due to impaired uterine epithelial receptivity.
No associated publication
Specimen part
View SamplesPrevious studies have shown that PR is a critical regulator of ovulation. The PR-null mice (PRKO) failed to ovulate due to a failure in the rupture of the preovulatory follicles.
Ulipristal blocks ovulation by inhibiting progesterone receptor-dependent pathways intrinsic to the ovary.
Specimen part
View SamplesOur preliminary study revealed that the homeobox transcription factors, Msx1 and Msx2, are expressed in the mouse uterus during early pregnancy. Further, conditional deletion of Msx1 and Msx2 in mouse uterus leads to implantation failure due to impaired uterine epithelial receptivity.
No associated publication
Specimen part
View SamplesUlipristal acetate (UPA), also referred to as VA/CDB-2914, is a new and promising emergency contraceptive. It is a selective progesterone receptor modulator (SPRM) that has been approved in Europe and the USA for emergency contraception.
Ulipristal blocks ovulation by inhibiting progesterone receptor-dependent pathways intrinsic to the ovary.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesOur previous study revealed that the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor Hand2 is a downstream target of progesterone signaling in mouse uterine stroma at the time of implantation. Further, conditional deletion of Hand2 in mouse uterus leads to implantation failure due to impaired uterine epithelial receptivity.
The antiproliferative action of progesterone in uterine epithelium is mediated by Hand2.
Specimen part, Disease
View SamplesOur study revealed that CUZD1 (CUB and zona pellucida-like domain containing protein-1) is a novel target of estrogen regulation in the mouse mammary epithelium. Mice lacking Cuzd1 exhibit delayed ductal outgrowth during puberty and a striking impairment in ductal branching and alveolar development during pregnancy. Ablation of Cuzd1 led to a marked reduction in steroid-induced proliferation of mammary ductal and alveolar epithelium.
No associated publication
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